论盗窃案件审查逮捕中社会危险性之评估框架--基于C市W区实证数据的分析

On the Evaluation Framework of Social Danger in the Review and Arrest of Theft Cases—Analysis based on empirical data in District W of C City

为有效降低审前羁押率,最高人民检察院着力开展审查逮捕案件社会危险性证明试点工作。藉由试点检察院C市W区人民检察院的实证数据,尝试构建盗窃案件审查逮捕中社会危险性之评估框架。在审查逮捕模式上,“证明模式”并不可取,应该采取对降低逮捕率更为有效的“评估模式”;在评估方法上,应在细致划分评估因素的基础上,按照不同的影响方向,根据不同的重要程度,设置不同比率的正负分值;在评估要素上,与犯罪行为直接相关的因素应划分为犯罪事实、罪前表现、罪后表现、环境因素、被害人因素;然后再考量妨害诉讼因素和取保候审的替代性。立基于此,可以有效设计盗窃案件审查逮捕中社会危险性之具体评估框架。

In order to effectively reduce the rate of pretrial detention,the Supreme People's Procuratorate has made great efforts to carry out the pilot work of examining social danger certificates in arrest cases.Based on the empirical data of the People's Procuratorate of W District,City C,the pilot procuratorate,this study aims to construct an assessment framework for the social danger in the review and arrest of theft cases.In the mode of reviewing arrests,the“proof mode”is not desirable,and an“assessment mode”that is more effective in reducing the arrest rate should be adopted.In terms of evaluation methods,different ratios of positive and negative scores should be set based on carefully dividing the evaluation factors,different influence directions,and different degrees of importance.In terms of evaluation elements,it should be divided into criminal facts,pre-criminal performance,post-criminal performance,environmental factors,victim factors and other factors directly related to criminal behavior,as well as litigation factors and alternatives to release on bail.As such,a specific framework for examining and arresting social danger in theft cases can be effectively designed.