集体记忆与道德教育

Collective Memory and Moral Education

集体记忆是群体成员共同拥有的记忆,并非群体成员个体记忆的简单叠加,而是他们基于共同的文化工具所建构的关于群体过去的共同记忆,因此它不是关于过去的客观重现,而是基于当下对过去的重构。集体记忆不仅具有凝聚和认同的作用,还具有规范群体价值观和习惯、保存和丰富群体传统以及缓解个体和群体痛苦的作用。然而,集体记忆也涉及选择性遗忘和压迫等道德问题,为了避免这些道德问题,道德教育在发挥集体记忆的凝聚和认同作用时,还应通过对话建构“共享”的集体记忆,并培养学生集体记忆中的人类意识。

Collective memory is the common memory owned by group members,which is not the sum of individual memories of group members,but the memory constructed by group members based on their shared cultural tools.Therefore,collective memory is not an objective reproduction of the past,but a reconstruction of the past based on the present.The primary significance of collective memory is its cohesion and identity.In addition,it also has the significance of regulating group values and behavior habits,preserving and enriching group traditions,and alleviating individual and group suffering.However,collective memory involves moral problems such as selective forgetting and oppression.In order to avoid these moral problems,moral education should construct“Shared”collective memory through dialogue and cultivate students'human consciousness in collective memory.