大学生社会实践非经济效益的测评与提升路径

The Evaluation and Promotion Strategy of Non-economic Benefits of College Students’Social Practice

在教育非经济效益理论框架下,采用主成分分析法,构建了心理体验、社会适应、行为规范、人际交往、思政教育增效、学校声誉、未来亲社会行为7项二级指标和27项三级指标的评价体系,用于测评大学生社会实践非经济效益水平。基于学生感受度的视角,利用长三角地区四所高校抽样调查数据开展实证研究,结果显示,样本高校大学生社会实践的非经济效益测评得分处于中等偏上水平;非经济效益总水平得分由高到低排序依次是上海大学、苏州大学、安徽大学、宁波大学;初次参与社会实践时间、实践内容、实践参与度、前期培训、学校宣传程度、外界支持程度、基地建设完善程度显著影响社会实践的非经济效益。因此,大学生社会实践非经济价值的提升路径可以包括建立实践育人共同体和社会实践联盟、加大前期培训与宣传力度、加强高校之间的合作与交流、激励大学生深度参与、重视不同实践内容带来的收益差距。

Based on the theoretical framework of educational non-economic benefits,used the Principal Component Analysis to construct evaluation system with 7 secondary indicators and 27 three-level indicators,including psychological experience,social adaptation,behavior norms,interpersonal communication,efficiency of ideological and political education,college reputation and future pro-social behavior,which are used to evaluate the level of non-economic benefits of college students’social practice.Based on the perspective of students’feelings,the empirical research was carried out using the sample survey data of four universities in Yangtze River Delta region,and the results shows that the non-economic benefits’evaluation score of sample college students’social practice is at the high-middle level;total level of non-economic benefit scores in descending order are:Shanghai University,Soochow University,Anhui University and Ningbo University.The initial participation in social practice time,the practice content,the practice participation,the initial training,the degree of publicity of social practice in schools,the degree of external support for social practice,and the construction of social practice bases,all of these factors significantly affect the non-economic benefits of social practice.Therefore,the path of promoting non-economic benefits of college students’social practice can be included:establish a community of stakeholders and social alliance for students’practice,pay attention to initial training and publicity,strengthen cooperation and exchanges among colleges and universities;motivate college students to participate deeply;pay attention to the benefit gap brought about by different practical projects.