美国跨文化医疗实践的做法及对我国的启示

The Practice of Cross-Cultural Medical Services in the United States and Its Enlightenment to China

通过网页调查的方式,收集整理2019—2020年度美国最佳医院排行榜前20家医院的跨文化医疗实践的做法,总结了这部分医院跨文化医疗服务的理念、特色项目和模式等内容。整体上看,这些医院倡导“以患者为中心”的服务理念,提供就诊前、就诊期间、就诊后的全流程服务,涉及预约、住宿、交通、语言翻译、医疗流程管理等内容,重视文化因素在医疗中的作用和对员工的跨文化医疗教育和培训。在此基础上,提出中国医疗机构在涉外医疗服务工作中可从以下方面入手:接轨国际化医疗服务理念和标准,提升医务人员等群体的跨文化医疗能力,探索具有本土化特色的跨文化医疗服务模式,并以国际化环境建设塑造医院的国际化形象。

This paper collected and sorted out the cross-cultural medical practice in the top 20 US hospitals in 2019-2020 through web surveys,and summarized the concepts,featured projects and models of cross-cultural medical services in American hospitals.Generally,hospitals in the US advocate the service concept of“patient-centered”,provide full-process services before,during and after the treatment,involving appointments,accommodation,transportation,language translation,medical process management,etc.,and attach great importance to the role of culture factors in medical treatment and cross-cultural medical education and training for employees.On this basis,it is proposed that Chinese medical institutions should focus on the following aspects in the development of foreign-related medical services:conform to international medical service concepts and standards,improve the cross-cultural medical competence of medical staff and other groups,explore cross-cultural medical service models with localized characteristics,and build the international image of the hospital with the construction of international environment.