摘要
For the first time in human history,more than half of the global population lives in urban areas.This will increase to 70%by 2050.Shanghai’s population has almost doubled in a decade,from less than 13 million residents in 2000 to an estimated 23 million today,and by 2050 it is expected to exceed 50 million.Cities cover just 2%of the Earth’s surface yet consume about 75%of the world’s resources.So it becomes obvious that cities are the key element when coping with climate change and reduction in the use of resources.Since city growth can hardly be avoided,one must be able to cope with its consequences.Here it is essential that harmony exists or is generated among the spatial,social,economical and environmental aspects of a city and between their inhabitants.This harmony hinges on three key pillars:Earth environment,economic development and social equity.These pillars are balanced through sustainability.In this context the concept of a SMART city has emerged.Usually,“smartness”is expressed by its 6-axes model:smart economy,mobility,environment,people,living and governance.Only if all these elements are in balance a city can fulfil its request for sustainability and quality of life.In other words,a city can be called“smart”if investments in human and social capital and traditional(transport)and modern information and communication technologies,information and communication infrastructure will fuel sustainable economic development,a high quality of life,with a wise management of natural resources,through participatory governance.
