乡村振兴背景下农村未成年残疾人家庭教育服务供给的结构性矛盾与政策路向

Structural Contradiction and Policy Direction in the Supply of Family Education Services for the Disabled Minors in Rural Areas under the Background of Rural Revitalization

“十四五”时期,我国“三农”工作进入全面推进乡村振兴的新发展阶段。农村未成年残疾人家庭教育是乡村振兴不可或缺的重要组成部分。农村未成年残疾人家庭教育服务供给,蕴含着习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想内涵。但是,服务供给不平衡不充分的矛盾仍然突出,主要表现为多部门协同合作服务供给的结构性矛盾、社会协同参与服务供给的结构性矛盾、专业人员要素在空间分布的结构性矛盾。上述服务供给的结构性矛盾蕴含着相关公共政策思维的局限,主要是政策演进路径依赖中农村视角缺失的政策思维局限、残疾人家庭视角缺失的政策思维局限、传统“特教(事)特办”存在的政策思维局限。做好农村未成年残疾人家庭教育服务供给,公共政策设计应当重视农村视角的建制化政策思维、残疾人家庭视角的建制化政策思维,以及贯彻更加积极的“特教特办”政策思维。

During the“14th Five-Year Plan”period,the work related to agriculture,rural areas and farmers entered a new development stage of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization.Family education for the disabled minors in rural areas is an indispensable part of rural revitalization.The supply of family education services for the disabled minors in rural areas contains the connotation of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.The contradiction of unbalanced and insufficient service supply is still prominent,mainly manifested in the structural contradictions of multi-sector collaborative service supply,of social collaborative participation in service supply,and of professional elements in spatial distribution.The above-mentioned structural contradictions in service supply contain the limitations of relevant public policy thinking,mainly in the lack of rural perspectives in policy evolution path dependence,the lack of perspectives of disabled families and the limitations of traditional“special management for special education”.To do a good job in providing educational services for the disabled minors’families in rural areas,the public policy design should attach importance to the institutionalized policy thinking from the rural perspective and the perspective of the disabled minors’families,and the implementation of more active policy thinking of“special management for special education”.