我国地方海洋科技政策的变迁分析——基于1997—2021年228项政策文本的实证研究

The Analysis of the Changes of Local Marine Science and Technology Policies in China——An Empirical Study Based on 228 Policy Texts from 1997 to 2021

以1997年来我国沿海重点海洋经济和海洋技术产业发展省市出台的228项地方海洋科技政策文本为研究对象,运用多维尺度分析、聚类分析和社会网络分析三种量化分析方法对其进行变迁研究。分析发现:制度厚度呈现出由“薄”到“厚”的发展过程,但政策内容的一致性和衔接性却持续走低;政策工具维由单一孤立到多元协同,但需求类政策仍较缺乏;政策目标维由单一目标的重点突破到多政策目标的齐头并进。由此,政策核心实现了由关注科技进步到强调海洋科技创新的转变。

Taking as the research object 228 local marine science and technology policy texts issued by China′s coastal provinces and cities of key marine economy and marine technology industry development since 1997,this paper uses three quantitative analysis methods of multi-dimensional scaling analysis,cluster analysis and social network analysis to study the changes of local marine science and technology policies.The results show that the institutional thickness has a development process from"thin"to"thick",but the consistency and cohesion of policy continues to decline;the dimension of policy tools changes from single isolation to multiple coordination,but demand-based policies are still lacking;the dimension of policy goals changes from the focus on a single objective to the focus on the simultaneous development of multiple policy objectives.As a result,the core of the policy has changed from focusing on scientific and technological progress to emphasizing marine scientific and technological innovation.