不同提取方式对黄姜姜油挥发性成分的影响

Effects of Different Extraction Methods on Volatile Components of Ginger Oil

以贵州镇宁黄姜为原料,采用溶剂提取法、超临界二氧化碳提取法、水蒸气蒸馏法提取黄姜姜油,结合气相色谱-质谱联用技术(gas chromatography-mass spectrum association,GC-MS)、主成分分析(principal components analysis,PCA)和聚类分析进行对比分析,探讨研究能较完整保留姜油挥发性成分的提取方法,并对其提取的姜油进行抗氧化活性研究。结果表明:超临界二氧化碳提取法、水蒸气蒸馏法、溶剂提取法分别鉴定出48、39和45种化合物,PCA和聚类分析可以良好区分3种姜油共有的38种挥发性成分,其中超临界二氧化碳提取和溶剂提取的成分差异较小,而水蒸气蒸馏法提取的成分差异较大,从挥发性成分保留程度来看,超临界二氧化碳提取法对姜油挥发性成分保留较完整,且对ABTS+自由基、DPPH自由基和羟基自由基均具有良好的清除作用。综上分析得出,超临界二氧化碳提取法提取的姜油的品质相对较好。

Ginger oil was extracted from Zingiber officinale Roscoe growing in Zhenning,Guizhou by solvent extraction,supercritical carbon dioxide extraction,and steam distillation,respectively.The volatile components in the ginger oil samples were analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster analysis for the comparison of different extraction methods.Furthermore,the antioxidant activity of the extracted ginger oil was studied.The results showed that 48,39 and 45 compounds were identified in the ginger oil samples extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction,steam distillation and solvent extraction,respectively.PCA and cluster analysis could well distinguish 38 volatile components shared by the ginger oil samples extracted with the three methods.The volatile components had little difference between supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and solvent extraction while showed significant difference between steam distillation and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction.Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction completely retained the volatile components of ginger oil and the ginger oil extracted with this method had a good scavenging effect on ABTS+radical,DPPH radical and hydroxyl radicals.In summary,the ginger oil extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction has good quality.