东北3所空军青少年航空学生入学与毕业时远视力和等效球镜度的对比分析

Comparative analysis of the distant vision and spherical equivalent changes at the time of admission and graduation from three teenager aviation schools in Northeast China

目的 通过比较东北青少年航空学校(简称青航校)学生入学和毕业时的远视力和等效球镜度的变化情况,为进一步做好东北青航校学生近视防控工作提供科学依据。方法 通过空军招飞医学选拔定选系统导出东北2016级和2017级学生入学和毕业时的远视力和等效球镜度数据,进行整理分析,对这些学生入学和毕业时的远视力和等效球镜度构成比,以及配对远视力和等效球镜度差值的差异进行统计学分析。结果 2016级和2017级青航校学生入学与毕业时远视力的构成比之间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001和P<0.05),说明三年里学生的远视力均有不同程度的下降,2016级学生配对远视力差值的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而2017级学生配对远视力变化的差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.001),说明2016级学生比2017级学生远视力下降的更加明显;2016级和2017级青航校学生入学与毕业时等效球镜度的构成比之间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),说明三年里学生的等效球镜度出现不同程度的增加,2016级学生配对等效球镜度差值的差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.001),而2017级学生等效球镜度差值的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),说明2016级学生等效球镜度增加更加明显。结论 空军青航校应采取多种科学有效的措施,做好近视防控工作,最大限度保留优质生源。

Objective To provide scientific basis for further prevention and control of myopia in teenager aviation school students by study the distant vision and spherical equivalent changes between the time of enrollment and graduation. Methods Analyze the Air Force polit cadet recruiting system derived data of class 2016 and 2017 students at the time of enrollment and graduation. Differences in distant vision and spherical equivalent changes were statistically analyzed. Results For distant vision, there were statistically significant differences in the composition ratios in the both Class 2016 and 2017 when they enrolled and graduated(P<0.001 and P<0.05). It shows that in the past three years,the students’ diatant vision has decreased to different degrees. It was also found that there was no statistically significant difference in the paired distant vision difference in Class 2016(P>0.05), but significant in Class 2017(P<0.001). The distant vision decline in the students of 2016 were more obvious. As for spherical equivalent changes, the differences between the constituent ratios at the enrollment and graduation of the Class 2016 and 2017 were all statistically significant(P<0.01). It shows that in the past three years, the students’ spherical equivalent have increased to different degrees. The difference in paired spherical equivalent difference in Class 2016 was statistically significant(P<0.001), while the difference in spherical equivalent difference in Class 2017 was not statistically significant(P>0.05). The spherical equivalent increase in the students of 2016 were more obvious. Conclusion Teenager aviation schools should take a variety of scientific and effective measures to prevent and control myopia and to retain the highest quality students.