江南古典园林造园要素与民宿景观的异质同构设计

Heterogeneity isomorphism design of the elements of Jiangnan classical garden and homestay landscape

【目的】依据异质同构理论,发现江南古典园林与民宿景观空间存在着景观同构关系,因此利用这种景观同构关系来建立一套民宿景观空间设计方法,并利用柳湖阳山居为例证。旨在从江南古典园林中提取一定的设计手法,为营造出具有人文意境的民宿景观空间提供科学依据。【方法】以异质同构理论为指导,选取常德柳湖阳山居为研究对象,通过民宿景观格局构建与民宿景观空间结构营建,将柳湖阳山居的景观空间组成要素定义为:借山成景、理水融湖、空间序列、看与被看。【结果】柳湖阳山居民宿景观在形成“山—水—山”景观格局的基础上,产生两条闭环式空间序列。第一空间序列由入口景观、夹地景观、滨湖景观三大要素组成,第二空间序列环绕着内部水域而展开,两条空间序列各自独立却又在合适的位置出现融通关系。空间序列之上的各景观要素相互作用,形成看与被看的关系,让景观空间实现了渗透与融合,进一步丰富景观空间的层次与节奏。【结论】柳湖阳山居民宿景观空间展示出的山水骨架、序列组织、渗透融合营造方式,同构于江南古典园林。因此,民宿景观空间可作为中式意蕴空间的传达载体。

【Objective】According to the theory of heterogeneity and isomorphism,it is found that there is a landscape isomorphic relationship between Jiangnan classical gardens and the landscape space of a homestay.In this study,by using the Liuhu Yangshan residence as an example,the landscape isomorphic relationship was used to establish a set of homestay landscape space design methods,aiming to extract certain design techniques from the Jiangnan classical gardens and provide a scientific basis for creating a homestay landscape space with a humanistic artistic conception.【Methods】Guided by the theory of heterogeneity and isomorphism,Liuhu Yangshanju in Changde was selected as the research object,through the construction of the homestay landscape pattern and the construction of the homestay landscape space structure,the landscape space components of Liuhu Yangshanju were defined as:borrowing from the mountain,water and lake,spatial sequence,seeing and being seen.【Result】The landscape of Liuhu Yangshanju homestay has formed two closed-loop spatial sequences based on the formation of a“mountain-water-mountain”landscape pattern.The first spatial sequence is composed of three major elements:entrance landscape,sandwich landscape and lakeside landscape.The second spatial sequence expands around the internal waters.The two spatial sequences are independent but in a suitable position.The various landscape elements above the spatial sequence interact to form the relationship between seeing and being seen,allowing the landscape space to penetrate and merge,and further enrich the level and rhythm of the landscape space.【Conclusion】The landscape framework,sequence organization,and infiltration and fusion construction methods exhibited in the landscape space of Liuhu Yangshanju homestay are identical to the Jiangnan classical gardens.Therefore,the homestay landscape space can be used as a carrier of Chinese-style space.