自然共生与技术塑造:古六大茶山农业文化遗产景观的形成

Natural Symbiosis and Technological Shaping:The Formation of the Agricultural Cultural Heritage Landscape of the Six Ancient Tea Mountains

农业文化遗产作为人与自然的共同作品,是典型的活态文化景观。茶类农业文化遗产作为一种新的文化遗产类型,备受学界的关注。西双版纳古六大茶山农业文化遗产景观依托得天独厚的自然环境,利用“技术”这一先决要素发展相应的地方性知识,结合当地各少数民族自然共生的文化理念共同维系构建,是当地茶农、茶商与其所处环境协同进化与适应的结果。古六大茶山的普洱茶在不同历史语境和时代变迁情况下发展出了相应的文化景观,技术与文化都蕴含其中。围绕着“茶”这一“物”,相关的技艺随着历史的演进不断变迁,文化理念也在不断更迭,这一过程中技术与文化互为映照,共同塑造了茶文化景观,延续了今天的茶文化遗产。

Being a collaborative work of human and nature,agricultural cultural heritage is a typical living cultural landscape.As a new type of cultural heritage,tea agricultural heritage has attracted much academic attention.Relying on the unique natural environment,the six ancient tea mountain agricultural cultural heritage landscapes in Xishuangbanna have developed corresponding local knowledge by using“technology”as a prerequisite,and maintained themselves together with the cultural concept of natural symbiosis of local ethnic minorities,thus being the result of co-evolution and adaptation of local tea farmer,tea merchants and their environment.Pu’er tea on the six ancient tea mountains has exhibited corresponding cultural landscapes in different historical context and changing times.Technology and culture are included in the landscape.Around the“tea”,related skills are constantly changing with the evolution of history,and cultural concepts are also constantly changing.In this process,technology and culture mirror each other,jointly shaping the tea cultural landscape and passing on the tea cultural heritage today.