衢州市60岁及以上肺结核病例特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis patients aged 60 years and older in Quzhou City

目的分析浙江省衢州市≥60岁肺结核病例流行特征,为制定老年人群肺结核防制措施提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统结核病管理信息系统收集2010—2020年衢州市≥60岁肺结核病例资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析≥60岁肺结核病例发病趋势、人群分布以及诊疗情况。结果2010—2020年衢州市报告≥60岁肺结核病例8754例,占病例总数的47.65%,呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=173.320,P<0.001);肺结核发病率呈下降趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=389.820,P<0.001),年均发病率为177.11/10万。菌阳肺结核4307例,占菌阳病例总数的58.71%,呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=126.320,P<0.001);菌阳率呈下降趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=21.680,P<0.001),年均菌阳率为87.14/10万。男性发病率为256.94/10万,高于女性的91.43/10万(χ^(2)=20.903,P<0.001)。80~<85岁发病率最高,为235.17/10万。职业以农民为主,7171例占81.92%。衢州市户籍报告病例数最多,8676例占99.11%。初治7752例,占88.55%。就诊延误5830例,就诊延误率呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=4.853,P=0.028),年均就诊延误率为66.60%。结论2010—2020年衢州市≥60岁居民肺结核发病率呈下降趋势,应重点关注≥80岁老年人和农民。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis cases at ages of 60 years and older in Quzhou City,Zhejiang Province,so as to provide the evidence for formulating the pulmonary tuberculosis control strategy among the elderly.Methods The data pertaining to pulmonary tuberculosis cases at ages of 60 years and older in Quzhou City from 2010 to 2020 were collected through the Tuberculosis Management Information System of the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.The trends for incidence,population distribution,diag⁃nosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis cases aged 60 years and older were analyzed using a descriptive epidemi⁃ological method.Results Totally 8754 pulmonary tuberculosis cases aged 60 years and older were reported in Quzhou City from 2010 to 2020,accounting for 47.65%of all pulmonary tuberculosis cases,and the number of pulmonary tuber⁃culosis appeared a tendency towards a rise(χ^(2)_(trend)=173.320,P<0.001),while the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis showed a tendency towards a decline(χ^(2)_(trend)=389.820,P<0.001),with an annual decline rate of 177.11/10^(5).There were 4307 smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases,accounting for 58.71%of all smear-positive cases,and the number of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases showed a tendency towards a rise(χ^(2)_(trend)=126.320,P<0.001),while the proportion of smear-positive cases showed a tendency towards a decline(χ^(2)_(trend)=21.680,P<0.001),with an annual smearpositive rate of 87.14/105.The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis was 256.94/105 among males and 91.43/105 among fe⁃males at ages of 60 years and older(χ^(2)=20.903,P<0.001).The highest incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis was seen in patients aged 80 to 84 years(235.17/105),and farmers were the predominant occupation(7171 cases,81.92%),while the highest number of cases was reported in Quzhou City(8676 cases,99.11%).There were 7752 treatmentnaïve cases(88.55%),while 5830 cases with delay in seeking healthcare services,and the proportion of delay in seek⁃ing healthcare services showed a tendency towards a rise from 2010 to 2020(χ^(2)_(trend)=4.853,P=0.028),with an annual mean delay rate of was 66.60%.Conclusion The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis appeared a tendency towards a decline among patients aged 60 years and older in Quzhou City from 2010 to 2020,and the elderly aged 80 years and older and farmers should be paid more attention.