基于语料库的政治文献中泛义动词搭配的英译研究——以“做好”的翻译为例

A Corpus-based Translation Study of Generalized Verbs’Collocation in Political Documents——A Case Study of the Translation of“Do Well”

以2010年至2021年的《政府工作报告》原文及英译本为研究语料,将COCA语料库作为参照语料,对英译本中泛义动词“做好”及其搭配的翻译方法进行归类和历时研究。研究发现:政治文献英译本中的泛义动词主要采取四种不同的翻译方法,其中明晰化的翻译方法使用频率最高,动补化和省译次之,直译的使用频率最低;随着年份的推进,动补化、省译和直译的出现频次总体呈下降趋势,只有明晰化的翻译方法使用频率总体保持上升的趋势,说明译文呈现出不断“归化”的特点,可反映出政治文献译者的读者意识不断增强,注重表达的简洁性与地道性。基于语料库的词语搭配研究有助于提升中国政治文献的翻译质量,为今后的翻译相关研究提供一定的借鉴作用。

This study selects the original text and english version of the Government Work Report from 2010 to 2021 as the research corpus,and COCA as the reference corpus to classify the translation methods of general verbs“do well”and its collocation,and conduct a diachronic study on these methods.The results show that:there are four different translation methods for general verbs in the english version,among which explicitation is the most frequently used method followed by verb-complement and omission,and literal translation is the least frequently used.In addition,the use of verb-complement,omission and literal translation has over time become less showing a general trend of“domestication”.Only explicitation translation method keeps an increasing trend generally,which means that the translation shows the characteristic of continuous naturalization and reflects the continuous improvement of readers’awareness of the translators of political documents,and their attention to the simplicity and idiomaticity.Corpus-based collocation study can help produce better translation of political documents and provide a reference for future research.