长江退捕渔民养老保障政策逻辑与完善建议

The policy logic and improvement suggestions of the pension policy for fishermen who have withdrawn from fishing in the Yangtze River

抓好退捕渔民转产就业和安置保障,不仅关系长江禁渔的稳定推进,而且还关系长江退捕渔民的生存发展、民生福祉。在维护长江退捕渔民社会保障权益中,通过提高退捕渔民养老保障水平来补偿其长江捕捞权,是长江禁捕后对退捕渔民实施的一项重要生计安置保障政策。长江沿江沿湖地区高度重视退捕渔民养老保险政策的实施,采取了许多好的做法并取得显著成效,但仍有少部分地区存在退捕事实生计渔民参保覆盖面不够、参保补贴标准较低以及不同区域间补贴标准、补贴方式不同带来保障水平差异较大等问题。建议应以确保禁捕后退捕渔民长远生计有保障为目标,聚焦退捕渔民基本关切,加大养老保险宣传力度,扩大禁捕退捕事实生计渔民养老保障覆盖面;参照本地被征地农民养老保障政策适度提高养老保障水平,在财政允许条件下加大对退捕渔民的养老保障力度;按照区域经济发展水平,统筹平衡区域内退捕渔民养老保障政策受益程度,更好地发挥养老保障政策在持续推进长江重点水域禁捕退捕中的重要作用。

It is not only related to the stable promotion of the Yangtze River fishing ban,but also the survival and development of affected fishermen and the well-being of people’s livelihood.In safeguarding the social security rights of retired fishermen in the Yangtze River,compensating them for their fishing rights by improving their pension level is an important livelihood resettlement policy for them during the period of implementation of fishing ban in the Yangtze River.Our recommendations are as follows:a)to take the long-term livelihood of the fishermen returning to fishing as the policy targets,focusing on the basic concerns of the fishermen returning to fishing and increase the publicity of endowment insurance;b)to expand the coverage of endowment insurance for the fishermen whose livelihood has been banned from fishing and returning to fishing;c)to refer to the endowment insurance policy of the local landless farmers,moderately improve the level of endowment insurance,and increase the intensity of endowment insurance for the fishermen returning to fishing;d)to strengthen the endowment insurance for the fishermen returning to fishing,and balance the benefit degree of retirement fishermen’s pension security policy in the region as a whole according to the level of regional economic development.