遥控式喷雾机间歇变量喷雾系统的研制

Test and Development of Remote-Controlled Intermittent Variable Sprayer

针对PWM变量喷雾系统经济成本高的问题,研制了一种低成本的间歇变量喷雾系统,以PLC为控制器,控制普通电磁阀以小于1 Hz的频率进行间歇喷雾,并以现蕾期马铃薯为试验对象,对间歇变量喷雾系统的作业性能进行试验验证。结果表明:间歇变量喷雾系统在实际作业过程中能够形成连续完整的喷雾带,雾滴在马铃薯冠层上、中、下层的平均沉积密度分别为328.54、172.74、84.90滴/cm^(2),其在马铃薯冠层上层、中层、下层的雾滴分布均匀性(变异系数)与常量喷雾分别相差3.45、-4.86、7.21个百分点;说明该间歇变量喷雾系统能够满足实际作业需求,且能达到与常量喷雾相近的喷雾效果。该研究可为农业植保提供一种低成本的喷雾装备。

Aiming at the problem of high economic cost of PWM variable spraying system,a low-cost intermittent variable spraying system was developed.PLC was used as the controller to control the ordinary solenoid valve to perform intermittent spraying at a frequency less than 1Hz.The operating performance test of the intermittent variable spray system was conducted using potato plants in the budding stage as the tested material.The test results show that the intermittent variable spray system can form a continuous and complete spray belt in the actual operation process,and the average deposition density of droplets on the top,middle and lower layers of the potato canopy was 328.54 drops/cm;,172.74 drops/cm;,and 84.90 drops/cm^(2),respectively.The difference of droplet deposition uniformity(coefficient of variation)on the upper,middle and lower layers of the potato canopy between the intermittent variable spray system and the constant spray was 3.45,-4.86 and 7.21 percentage points,respectively,indicating that the intermittent variable spray system can meet the actual operation requirements,and achieve a spray effect similar to that of the constant spray.This research may provide a low-cost spraying equipment for agricultural plant protection.