高铁网络、高端服务业集聚与区域创新——基于中国地级城市层面的经验证据

High-speed Rail Network,Agglomeration of High-End Service Industry and Regional Innovation:Empirical Evidence Based on the Prefecture Level Cities in China

本文将高铁开通视作一个准自然实验,基于2004—2016年中国285个地级及以上城市的面板数据,采用多期DID模型实证检验了高铁网络建设对区域创新的影响及作用机制。研究结果表明:(1)高铁网络显著提升了区域创新水平,西部地区与各区域小城市的创新促进效应受高铁开通的影响更大;(2)在经过PSM-DID方法与剔除特殊样本等稳健性检验后该研究结论仍然成立;(3)中介效应检验表明,高端服务业多样化集聚是高铁网络影响区域创新的重要传导渠道,高铁带来的高端服务业多样化集聚有利于促进区域创新;高铁网络对高端服务业专业化集聚没有显著影响,也不能通过高端服务业专业化集聚促进区域创新。

Based on the panel data of 285 cities at prefecture level and above in China from 2004 to 2016,this paper empirically examines the impact of high-speed rail network construction on regional innovation and its mechanism by using time-varying DID model.The results show that:(1)high-speed rail network significantly improves the level of regional innovation,and the effect of innovation promotion of the western region and small cities is more affected by the opening of high-speed rail;(2)the conclusion is still valid after PSM-DID method and the exclusion of special samples.;(3)the mediating effect test shows that the diversified agglomeration of high-end service industry is an important transmission channel of the influence of high-speed rail network on regional innovation,and the diversified agglomeration of high-end service industry brought by high-speed rail is conducive to promoting regional innovation;High-speed rail network has no significant influence on the specialized agglomeration of high-end service industry,nor can it promote regional innovation through the specialized agglomeration of high-end service industry.