郑州某医院孕妇营养知识、态度、行为现状及影响因素调查

Investigation of Present Situation and Influencing Factors of Nutritional Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of Pregnant Women in A Hospital in Zhengzhou

目的通过调查在郑州人民医院进行产前检查的孕妇,了解其营养知识、态度、行为现状,并分析影响因素,为进一步的健康教育、营养干预提供科学依据。方法采用自行设计的孕妇营养调查问卷,利用方便抽样的方法,对2019年1-12月在郑州人民医院进行产检的2056例孕妇开展现场调查。结果孕妇营养知识、态度、行为总得分为20~46(30.16±5.50)分,及格率为55.1%。其中知识得分为(15.25±3.53)分,及格率为68.5%;态度得分为(8.65±1.93)分,及格率为67.3%;行为得分为(6.26±1.67)分,及格率为61.1%。孕妇营养知识、态度、行为多因素分析显示,受教育程度、职业、家庭人均月收入、孕周、孕前体质量指数、妊娠情况是影响孕妇营养知、信、行总得分的因素。结论孕妇营养知识、态度、行为为中等水平,应加强健康门诊与营养师在孕妇营养健康教育中的宣传作用,增加营养态度和行为的宣传。

Objective Through the investigation of pregnant women undergoing prenatal examination in Zhengzhou People’s Hospital,to understand their nutritional knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP),and analyze the influencing factors,so as to provide scientific basis for further health education and nutritional intervention.Methods Using the self-designed maternal nutrition questionnaire and the method of convenient sampling,a field survey was conducted on 2056 pregnant women who underwent prenatal examination in Zhengzhou People’s Hospital from January to December 2019.Results The total score of nutrition KAP of pregnant women was 20-46(30.16±5.50),and 55.1%passed the nutrition KAP test.The score of nutrition knowledge of pregnant women was(15.25±3.53),and 68.5%passed the nutrition knowledge test.The score of nutrition attitude of pregnant women was(8.65±1.93),and 67.3%passed the nutrition attitude test.The score of nutrition practice of pregnant women was(6.26±1.67),and 61.1%passed the nutrition practice test.The multi-factor analysis of pregnant women’s nutritional KAP showed that education,occupation,family per capita monthly income,gestational weeks,pre-pregnancy body mass index and pregnancy were the factors affecting the total score of pregnant women’s nutritional KAP.Conclusion The nutritional KAP of pregnant women are at the medium level.The publicity role of health clinics and nutritionists in maternal nutritional health education should be strengthened,and the publicity of nutritional attitude and behavior should be increased.