中国南北经济差距的测度及原因分析

The Measurement and Causes of the Economic Gap Between North and South China

促进区域协调发展是新时代中国区域发展的重要内容。经济进入新常态以来,南北地区经济差距的扩大现象引发了广泛关注。通过构建经济发展评价体系并采用基于熵权法修正的优劣解距离法(熵权TOPSIS法)测度2012—2019年中国南北方经济发展水平的差距及其演变过程。研究结果表明,南方地区的经济发展水平领先于北方地区,且南北方的发展差距呈现逐渐扩大的趋势;北方地区资源配置效率低下、创新动力不足、经济结构不合理和市场活力不足是导致南北经济差距扩大的重要原因。

Promoting coordinated regional development is an important element of China s regional development in the new era.Since the new normal,the widening phenomenon of the economic gap between North and South China has aroused widespread concern.This paper measures the gap in the economic development levels between North and South China from 2012 to 2019 and the evolution by constructing an economic development evaluation system and using the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method.It is found that the economic development level of the South is ahead of that of the North,and the development gap between the North and the South shows a trend of gradual expansion.Besides,the inefficient resource allocation,low innovation motivation,irrational industrial structure and insufficient market vitality in the North are important reasons for widening the economic gap between the North and the South.