旅游扶贫绩效空间分异与影响因素研究——以陕南秦巴山区为例

Study on spatial differentiation and influencing factors of tourism poverty alleviation performance—Taking Qinba mountain area in southern Shaanxi as an example

基于陕南秦巴山区2016—2019年面板数据,结合旅游扶贫的内涵,构建包含经济、社会、生态、扶贫绩效4个维度的评价指标体系,运用AHP-熵权法确定指标权重,对28个县域的旅游扶贫绩效空间分异及影响因素进行分析.结果表明,陕南秦巴山区旅游扶贫的绩效逐年上升;各县(区)之间旅游扶贫绩效的差异较为明显,综合绩效空间上呈现出中部较好、东西部较差的态势分布;各维度绩效之间也存在一定的差异,各县(区)的经济发展状况和社会发展状况优于生态环境状况和扶贫脱贫状况.通过地理探测器对空间分异的影响因素进行探测,地理探测器q值从大到小排序前5位,由高到低依次为旅游综合收入>人类活动强度指数>坡度>A级景区数>城镇化率;各影响因子间的交互作用对旅游扶贫绩效的影响远超过单因子的作用,不存在单独作用因素,反映了陕南秦巴山区旅游扶贫绩效空间分异的决定因素与影响机制之间存在复杂关系.

Based on the panel data from 2016 to 2019,combined with the connotation of tourism poverty alleviation,this paper constructed an evaluation index system including economic,social,ecological,and poverty alleviation performance,and used AHP-entropy weight method to analyze the spatial differentiation and influencing factors of tourism poverty alleviation performance of 28 counties in southern Shaanxi.The results show that the performance of tourism poverty alleviation has been increasing year by year.The differences in tourism poverty alleviation performance between counties are more obvious,and the overall performance space generally shows that the central region is better than the east and west regions.There are also certain differences between each dimension,the economic development status and social development status are better than the ecological environment status and the poverty alleviation status.Based on the geographical detector,the q value ranked top 5,from high to low,it is tourism comprehensive income>human activity intensity index>slope>number of scenic spots>urbanization rate,and interaction influence between factors has far more than a single factor,there is no single factor role,which reflects the complex relationship between influencing mechanisms and spatial differentiation factors of tourism poverty alleviation performance in the Qinba mountainous area in southern Shaanxi.