考虑热态维修可靠性的汽轮机保护系统优化分析

Optimal analysis of steam turbine protection system considering thermal maintenance reliability

结合汽轮机保护系统现状,参考故障容限设计理论,研究了失效-安全型故障维修影响。通过RBD模型识别增设保护回路后的系统结构变化,采用马尔可夫过程法获得带保护投切功能的系统可用度公式,对比分析系统整体失效率影响。通过对汽轮机保护投切过程进一步分析,识别出多项人机设计缺陷,证实了研究对象在维修过程中人因失效率有较大的波动性和随机性。结合操作行为认知过程图,提出人因失效链嵌入监测、操作人信道负荷均衡以及操作进程信息分发的保护系统优化三要素,对能源领域大多数服役期较长的汽轮机保护系统升级改造设计具有较高的参考价值。

Combining the current situation of turbine protection system and referring to the fault tolerance design theory,the impact of failure-safe fault repair is studied.Structure change of the system after the addition of protection loops is identified by RBD model,and the Markov process method is used to obtain the equation of system availability with protection throwing function and to compare and analyze the impact of overall system failure rate.Through further analysis of turbine protection throwing process,a number of human-machine design defects are identified,confirming the large fluctuation and randomness of the human-caused failure rate in the maintenance process of the study subject.Combined with the cognitive process diagram of operation behavior,the three elements of protection system optimization of human-caused failure chain embedding monitoring,operator channel load balancing and operation process information distribution are proposed,which are of high reference value for the upgrade design of most turbine protection systems with long service life in the energy field.