环状RNA在心血管疾病中的研究进展及应用前景

Research progress and application prospects of circRNA in cardiovascular diseases

环状RNA(circle RNA,circRNA)是一种单链、共价闭合的非编码RNA,其机制主要涉及到环状RNA的海绵吸附微小RNA(micro RNA,miRNA)、调节蛋白转录和转录后水平、与RNA结合蛋白作用及少许编码蛋白等。同时因环状RNA具有表达量丰足、高度保守、动态变化等特点,使其具有成为疾病的生物标志物、开发环状RNA疫苗以及环状RNA的基因编辑治疗等应用前景。心血管疾病位于全球疾病死亡原因的首位,现有的诊疗方法虽然能够延缓心血管疾病的发生发展,仍需探索新的发病机制与诊疗靶点。目前已有诸多研究报道环状RNA与心血管疾病之间的机制联系,因此本文旨在阐释心血管疾病中环状RNA的研究进展,并对目前环状RNA参与的三种临床应用前景进行综述。

CircRNA is a single-stranded,covalently closed non-coding RNA,whose mechanism mainly involves sponge adsorption of micro RNA(miRNA),regulation of protein transcription and post-transcriptional levels,interaction with RNA-binding proteins and few coding proteins of circRNA.Meanwhile,because of its abundant expression,highly conserved and dynamic changes,circRNAs have promising applications such as becoming biomarkers of diseases,developing circRNA vaccines and gene editing therapies for circRNAs.Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death from diseases worldwide,and existing therapeutic approaches can delay the development of heart diseases,but are still limited by the unknown pathogenesis and therapeutic targets.Many studies have reported the mechanistic link between circRNAs and cardiac diseases,therefore,this review is to explain the progress of circRNA research in cardiovascular diseases and to illustrate the three clinical applications in which circRNAs are currently involved.