笼养斑嘴环企鹅繁殖行为研究

Study on the Reproductive Behavior of the Captive Spheniscus demersus

以上海动物园繁殖场笼养的5个繁殖对斑嘴环企鹅(Spheniscus demersus)为对象,采用焦点动物取样法和瞬时扫描法对其繁殖行为进行观察。结果表明:斑嘴环企鹅繁殖期亲和、警戒、护巢、打斗和修饰行为表现明显,与非繁殖期差异极显著(P<0.01);繁殖期间,爬跨和筑巢次数增多,与非繁殖期相比分别增加7.37%和18.30%(P<0.01);展示、追逐、示威、竞争干扰和鸣叫行为与非繁殖期差异显著(P<0.05);交尾行为只发生在繁殖期间,平均占比为7.46%。通过建立斑嘴环企鹅的个体行为谱,观察各时间段行为变化频次,能较好地了解到实现成功交配的概率。

The breeding behavior of Spheniscus demersus(five breeding pairs)in captivity of breeding ground at Shanghai Zoo was studied by focus animal sampling method and instantaneous scanning method.The results showed that the behavior of compatibility,vigilance,nest protection,fighting and modification in the breeding period of Spheniscus demersus was significantly different from that in the non-breeding period(P<0.01).In the breeding period,the number of climbing span and nesting increased by 7.37%and 18.30%respectively,compared with the non-breeding period(P<0.01),and the behavior of display,chase,demonstration,competition interference and singing were significantly different from that in the non-breeding period(P<0.05).Mating behavior only occurred in the breeding period,accounting for 7.46%on average.The probability of successful mating can be better understood by establishing individual behavior spectrum of Spheniscus demersus and by observing the frequency of behavior changes during each time period.