基于健康信念的护理干预在经皮椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者中应用

Application of nursing intervention based on health belief in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture treated by percutaneous vertebroplasty

目的探讨基于健康信念指导的护理干预在经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(OVCF)患者中的应用。方法2020年6月—2021年6月选取PVP治疗OVCF患者100例,按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则将患者分为观察组与对照组,每组50例。对照组围术期行常规健康指导,观察组围术期实施基于健康信念指导的护理干预,比较两组干预前后遵医行为评分、健康信念评分、椎体功能恢复及患者生活质量改善情况。结果干预前,两组遵医行为各维度评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组遵医行为各维度评分高于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组骨质疏松健康信念各维度评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组骨质疏松健康信念各维度评分高于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组Cobb角角度、椎体前缘高度及VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组Cobb角角度、椎体前缘高度改善优于对照组(P<0.05),观察组VAS评分低于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)各维度评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组WHOQOL-BREF各维度评分高于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于健康信念指导的护理干预在一定程度上可提升OVCF患者健康信念及遵医行为,对改善患者椎体功能及生存质量具有积极的作用。

Objective To explore the application of nursing intervention based on health belief guidance in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF)treated with percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP).Methods A total of 100 patients with OVCF treated with PVP from June 2020 to June 2021 were selected,and the patients were divided into an observation group and a control group according to the principle of comparability of basic characteristics between groups,with 50 cases in each group.The control group received routine health guidance during the perioperative period,while the observation group received nursing intervention based on health belief guidance during the perioperative period,The scores of medical compliance behavior,healthbelief scores,vertebral body function recovery and improvement of patients'quality of life before and after the intervention were compared between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in the each dimension scores of medical compliance behavior of the two groups before the intervention(P>0.05);after the intervention,the each dimension scores of medical compliance behavior in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the scores of each dimension of osteoporosis health belief of the two groups before the intervention(P>0.05);after the intervention,the scores of each dimension of osteoporosis health belief in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the diff erences between the groups were statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).There was no signifi cant diff erence in the Cobb angle,height of the anterior edge of the vertebral body and VAS score of the two groups before the intervention(P>0.05);after the intervention,the Cobb angle and the height of the anterior edge of the vertebral body in the observation group were better than those in the control group,the VAS score in the observation was lower than that in the control group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant diff erence in the each dimension scores of WHO quality of life scale(WHOQOL-BREF)of the two groups before the intervention(P>0.05);after the intervention,the each dimension scores of WHOQOL-BREF in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Nursing intervention based on the guidance of health belief can improve the health belief and medical compliance behavior of OVCF patients to a certain extent,and has a positive eff ect on improving the vertebral body function and quality of life of patients.