土地制度安排与城镇化进程——基于中国与拉美国家的比较分析

Land System Arrangement and Urbanization Process——A Comparative Analysis Based on China and Latin American Countries

城镇化是现代化的必由之路,合理的土地制度安排能够推动城镇化的发展。从拉美国家的城镇化陷阱分析入手,认为与其经济发展水平不相匹配的高城镇化率、高度集中的土地问题、严重滞后的社保制度、追求短期经济增长的发展观念等衍生出了一系列具有关联性、连续性,且难以逆转的经济、社会、环境问题,深刻影响了拉美国家的城镇化进程和持续发展,高度集中的土地制度是拉美国家陷入城镇化陷阱的重要原因。继而阐述不同时期的土地制度安排对我国城镇化进程的影响,通过对土地制度安排与城镇化关系的研究可以发现,我国的土地制度安排对跨越城镇化陷阱具有重要意义。通过对比分析发现,中国走出了一条以人为核心的新型城镇化道路,其内涵是坚持以人民为中心、坚持城乡统筹发展、深化土地制度改革、加强社会保障体系建设。

Urbanization is an inevitable course way to realize modernization,and reasonable land system arrangement can promote the development of urbanization.The paper starts from the analysis of the urbanization trap in Latin American countries,and finds that the high urbanization rate which does not match the level of economic development,the highly concentrated land problem,the seriously lagging social security system,and the development concept of pursuing short-term economic growth,have given rise to a series of economic,social,and environmental problems that are interrelated and continuous,and difficult to reverse,and have profoundly affected the urbanization process and sustainable development of Latin American countries.Then it proceeds to expounds the impact of land system arrangements in different periods on China’s urbanization process.Through the research on the relationship between land system arrangement and urbanization,it can be found that land system arrangement in China is of great significance in crossing the urbanization trap.By comparative analysis,it can be realized that China has embarked on a new human-centered urbanization path,which includes staying true to the people-oriented approach,promoting the integrated development of urban and rural areas,deepening the reform of the land system and strengthening the construction of social security system.