论农村集体经营性建设用地入市的规范体系——以《土地管理法》(修正)和《民法典》为基本法

On the Normative System of Rural Collective Commercial Construction Land Entering the Market——Taking the Land Administration Law(Amendment)and the Civil Code as the Basic Laws

农村集体经营性建设用地入市可以《土地管理法》(修正)和《民法典》为基本法,建立起集体经营性建设用地入市的规则体系和结构体系。内容层面,《土地管理法》(修正)确立了集体经营性建设用地入市的基本规则、配套规则以及参照规则的规则体系,但也存在不足。《民法典》则通过界定集体经营性建设用地使用权的物权属性,在结构层面实现了对其规范的重新定位与体系整合。基于此,可从“同地同权不同适用”落实对集体经营性建设用地入市的具体适用规范。其中,集体成员自治是实现集体经营性建设用地入市“不同适用”的基本途径;城乡一体化建设是实现“不同适用”的主要内容。在一级市场,集体经营性建设用地入市应受到统一的规划条件和用途管制;在二级市场,应健全集体经营性建设用地与国有建设用地一体化流转的配套机制。以此,在规则体系和结构体系内构建集体经营性建设用地入市的适用体系,能最终实现“三位一体”的规范体系。

The land administration law(amendment)and the civil code can be the basic laws to establish the regulation system and structure system for the marketing of rural collective commercial construction land. At the content level,the Land Management Law(Amendment)has established the basic rules,supporting rules and the rule system of reference rules for the marketing of collective commercial construction land,but there are also some shortcomings. The Civil Code,by defining the property right of the use right of collective commercial construction land,resets up its norms and integrates its system in structure. Based on this,we can implement the specific applicable norms for the marketing of collective commercial construction land from the perspective of“same land,same right,different application”.Relying on the autonomy of collective members is the basic way to realize“different application”of collective commercial construction land. The goal of the integration of urban and rural construction is to construct the main content of its“different application”.Among them,in the primary market,the collective commercial construction land should be subject to unified planning conditions and use control;In the secondary market,we should perfect the supporting mechanism of the integrated transfer of collective commercial construction land and state-owned construction land. In this way,the applicable system for the marketing of collective commercial construction land is constructed within the rule system and structural system,and the“trinity”normative system is finally realized.