莫高窟第361窟壁画建筑彩画装饰艺术初探

A Preliminary Study on the Decorative Art of the Architectural Color Paintings in Mogao Cave 361

由于我国唐代及以前的木构建筑遗存甚少,学界对建筑彩画的研究多集中于明清官式彩画,对明清之前的彩画研究较为薄弱。然而,敦煌莫高窟壁画中较好地保留了中唐至西夏时期的建筑彩画图像,是丰富我国建筑彩画的重要史料。因此,文章从构图比例、纹样图案、色彩配置等三方面系统分析了莫高窟第361窟建筑彩画的艺术特征,并与现存建筑彩画实例进行对比,发现第361窟建筑彩画装饰藏式风格突出、特征元素丰富,对研究吐蕃时期敦煌石窟建筑艺术和完善我国早期藏族建筑彩画形制特征具有双重价值与意义。

As few remains of ancient buildings built during or prior to the Tang dynasty have been preserved until today,research on architectural color paintings has mainly focused on the official color paintings of the Ming and Qing dynasties.Research on color paintings prior to the Ming and Qing dynasties is severely lacking.The murals in Dunhuang Mogao caves are accompanied by many well-preserved architectural color paintings made between the middle Tang and Western Xia dynasties and can provide important historical material to enrich research on this genre of Chinese painting.This paper systematically analyzes the artistic characteristics of the architectural color paintings in Mogao cave 131 from the perspectives of compositional proportion,overall pattern,and color configuration,and then compares them with other extant architectural color paintings.The conclusion of this analysis is that the paintings in cave 361 show prominent Tibetan stylistic characteristics.These paintings are of great significance for studying the architectural art created in Dunhuang caves during the Tibetan Occupation period,and for improving our understanding of the shape and proportion of early Tibetan architectural color paintings in China.