台风“烟花”影响期间松江区高水位成因分析

Cause Analysis of High Water Level in Songjiang District during the Influence of Typhoon Firework

受2021年第6号台风“烟花”影响,松江区遭遇“风、暴、潮、洪”四碰头,水情总体特点:降雨持续时间长、累积雨量大,黄浦江上游和水利控制片多站水位突破历史极值、且长时间超警,流量呈现前期逆流、后期下泄量加大的特点。文章详细分析了台风“烟花”影响期间松江区水情特点,同时分析了黄浦江上游和水利控制片高水位成因,对指导区域防汛防台工作具有重要的现实意义。文章的模拟计算分析结果显示,风暴潮增水、暴雨增水、上游来水对米市渡高潮位的贡献比约5∶2∶3。分析结果显示,降雨历时长,总量大,外河潮位较高导致自排困难以及控制片内产水量较大是浦南东片水利片高水位产生的主要原因。

Affected by Typhoon No. 6 Firework in 2021, Songjiang District encountered four encounters of wind, storm, tide, and flood.The overall water regime features: the rainfall lasts for a long time, the accumulated rainfall is large, the water level of multiple stations in the upper reaches of Huangpu River and water conservancy control area breaks through the historical extreme value and exceeds the alarm for a long time, and the flow presents the characteristics of countercurrent in the early stage and increased discharge in the later stage. This paper analyzes in detail the characteristics of the water regime in Songjiang during the period of typhoon“ Fireworks ”,and analyzes the causes of the high water level in the upper reaches of the Huangpu River and the water conservancy control regions,which has important practical significance for guiding the work of flood prevention and typhoon prevention in the region.The simulation show that the contribution ratio of storm surge, rainstorm, and upstream water to the high tide level of Mishidu is about 5∶2∶3. The analysis results show that he main reasons for the high water level in the water conservancy area of East Punan are the long duration of rainfall, large total amount, the difficulty of self drainage caused by the high tide level of the outer river and the large water yield in the control area.