高炉添加废钢处理炉缸堆积的研究

Study on Abating Dead stock Retention at Hearth by Scrap Charging

基于高炉物料平衡和全炉热平衡,建立了高炉添加废钢的数学模型,从理论上计算了不同废钢加入量时,Rist操作线、吨铁能耗、矿石还原及高温区热需求量的变化情况。在此基础上,进一步分析了高炉添加废钢可以处理炉缸堆积的原因,并在某钢铁企业高炉中进行了工业试验。结果表明:高炉添加废钢有利于炉缸堆积的治理,加废钢高炉炉缸堆积比未加废钢高炉要少50%以上;未加废钢高炉从炉缸侧壁开始至炉缸半径的1/2处均滞留较多的石墨碳,而加废钢高炉石墨碳滞留仅存在炉缸半径的1/4处。

A mathematical model of BF scrap charging is established based on the concept of BF material balance and heat balance to theoretically calculate the changes in the Rist operation curve,the energy consumption per ton of HM,the ore reduction and the heat demand in the high temperature area as response to the change of scrap amount charged.On this basis,the mechanism of abating dead stock retention through scrap charging is analyzed,and a commercial test is carried out in a blast furnace.The analysis and test results show that the scrap charging is beneficial to the control of the dead stock retention at hearth,and such retention can decline by over 50%compared with the situation without scrap charging.In the latter situation,a lot of dead stock is retained at the area from the hearth side wall to the point 1/2 of the hearth radius,while the dead stock retention in the furnace with scrap charging only extends to the point 1/4 of the hearth radius.