林西关沟废弃矿山地质环境及生态修复治理技术研究

Research on geological environment and ecological rehabilitation technology of Guangou Abandoned Mines in Linxi County

为改善内蒙古林西县废弃矿山生态系统功能,提升生态生产能力,改善居民生产生活环境,实现人与自然和谐发展,本文以“山水林田湖草沙是一个生命共同体”理念为指导,分析矿山存在的地质灾害,并提出治理方案。因地制宜,提出“一环两轴五区”的空间治理格局,采用“光伏+生态修复”的治理模式,将治理区划为沙生灌木区、光伏+牧草种植区、光伏+灌木经济林区、地道药材种植区与植被恢复区等五个主体功能区。通过治理,可有效降低地质灾害发生,逐步恢复废弃矿山生态系统功能,促进人与自然和谐发展,助力乡村振兴,实现绿水青山。通过研究废弃矿山生态治理技术,分析废弃矿山地质环境的主要问题,提出地质灾害治理方案与生态修复治理方案,探索“光伏+生态修复”治理模式,为后续生态治理提供参考依据。

In order to improve the ecosystem functions of abandoned mines in Linxi County,Inner Mongolia,to enhance ecological production capacity,to improve the production and living environment of residents,and to realize the harmonious development of man and nature,this paper guides by the concept of“mountains-rivers-forests-farmlands-lakes-grasses are a community life”,and analyzes the geological disasters existing in mines and proposes a treatment plan.According to local conditions,the spatial governance pattern of“one ring,two axes and five zones”is proposed,and the governance model of“photovoltaic+ecological restoration”is adopted to divide the governance area into sand shrub area,photovoltaic+pasture planting area,photovoltaic+shrub economic forest area,and authentic medicinal materials five main functional areas including planting area and vegetation restoration area.Through governance,the occurrence of geological disasters can be effectively reduced,the functions of the ecosystem of abandoned mines can be gradually restored,the harmonious development of man and nature can be promoted,the revitalization of villages can be promoted,and the green waters and green mountains can be realized.This paper studies the ecological management technology of abandoned mines,analyzes the main problems of the geological environment of abandoned mines,proposes geological disaster management plans and ecological restoration management plans,and explores the“photovoltaic+ecological restoration”governance model to provide a reference for subsequent ecological management.