基于NbS的矿山可持续性评价研究:以北岳恒山露天矿区为例

Research on assessment of sustainability in coal mine based on NbS of Hengshan Open-pit Mining Area

矿山可持续性评价可以表明矿山可持续发展的能力和水平,而矿山可持续发展对实现一个国家或地区的整体可持续发展意义重大。基于自然的解决方案(NbS)近年来被视作实现可持续发展的核心手段,中国成为NbS行动的牵头国家之一,并推动NbS在多个领域的实践和发展。本文在阐述NbS理念和全球标准的基础上,以北岳恒山露天矿区为例基于NbS对其进行可持续性评价研究。基于NbS指标体系建立露天矿区可持续性评价指标体系,采用层次分析法计算指标权重,结合专家打分确定指标得分,利用综合指数法确定评价等级,评价结果显示北岳恒山露天矿区可持续性评价得分为1.24分,等级为V级,可持续发展水平表现为极弱,研究区应在NbS指标体系的指导下,从各项准则和指标出发设计和开展矿山生态修复。研究表明,基于NbS的矿山可持续性评价方法可行,NbS指标体系可对矿山生态修复方案设计提供指导,有利于矿山可持续发展。

Mine sustainability evaluation can indicate the ability and level of mine sustainable development,which is of great significance to the realization of the overall sustainable development of a country or region.Nature-based solutions(NbS)have been regarded as the core means to achieve sustainable development in recent years and China has become one of the leading countries for NbS action and promotes the practice and development of NbS in different fields.After analyzing the NbS concept and global standards,this paper takes the Hengshan Open-pit Mining Area as an example to conduct a sustainability evaluation study based on NbS.The evaluation index is established based on the NbS index system,the analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate the index weight,combined with expert scores,and the comprehensive index method is used to determine the final evaluation level.The evaluation results show that the sustainability score is 1.24,the grade is V,and the level of sustainable development is extremely weak.This means that the study area should design and carry out mine ecological restoration based on various criteria and indicators.The sustainability evaluation of mines based on the NbS index system is a feasible new method,and the NbS index system can provide guidance for the design of ecological restoration schemes in mines,which is conducive to the sustainable development of mines.