武汉市口腔医疗资源公平性及空间可达性分析

Research on the equity and spatial accessibility of oral medical resources in Wuhan

目的分析武汉市口腔医疗资源配置的公平性和可达性。方法用基尼系数和泰尔指数计算公平性,通过两步移动搜索法评估可达性,采用空间自相关研究可达性的高低聚类。结果基于人口水平的武汉市口腔医疗资源基尼系数在0.3左右,基于地理面积则>0.6,泰尔指数计算结果相似。总体可达性来看,可达性差的区域为2428km^(2),达到了28.38%,而可达性较好的区域占14.18%。结论基于人口分布的武汉市口腔医疗配置比较公平,且优于基于地理面积计算的公平性,而武汉市口腔医疗资源地理可达性区域差异较大,且呈现了高—高聚集和低—低聚集特点。

Objective To analyze the equity of the allocation of oral medical resources and the accessibility of health service capabilities in Wuhan.Methods The equity of oral medical resources was calculated with Gini coefficient and Theil index,accessibility was assessed by two-step floating catchment area model,and the spatial autocorrelation was used to study the high-low clustering of accessibility.Results The Gini coefficient of oral medical resources based on population level was around 0.3,and the Gini coefficient of oral medical resources based on geographic area was greater than 0.6.Theil index calculation results were similar.In terms of overall accessibility,the area with poor accessibility was 2428 square kilometers,reaching 28.38%of the total area,while the area with better accessibility accounted for 14.18%.Conclusion The allocation of oral medical care resources based on population distribution was fairer and better than that based on geographic area.Moreover,the geographical accessibility varies greatly between regions,showing the characteristics of high-high cluster and low-low cluster.