铁代谢及铁稳态失衡的研究进展

Research progress of iron metabolism and iron homeostasis imbalance

铁是人体内重要的微量元素,参与血红素的合成,髓鞘的形成,线粒体呼吸链电子传递,DNA复制、修复和表观遗传学控制等。为了维持铁稳态,机体通过调节肠细胞对膳食铁的吸收、巨噬细胞对铁的回收以及肝细胞中铁的储存等关键代谢环节来维持体内铁平衡。这些铁代谢调节过程涉及到精密的细胞和分子调节系统。当铁稳态被打破后,出现的铁缺乏和铁过载都会导致机体受损。结合相关文献,对铁的吸收、分布和回收,铁代谢的细胞及分子系统调节机制和铁稳态失衡所造成的果的研究进展进行综述。

Iron is an important trace element in human body.It is involved in heme synthesis, myelin sheath formation, mitochondrial respiratory chain electron transfer, DNA replication, repair, epigenetic control and so on.In order to maintain iron homeostasis, the body maintains iron balance by regulating the absorption of dietary iron by intestinal cells, recovery of iron by macrophages and storage of iron in liver cells.These iron metabolism regulation processes involve sophisticated cellular and molecular regulatory systems.When iron homeostasis is broken, both iron deficiency and iron overload will result in damage to the body.In this review, we review the research progress on the absorption, distribution and recovery of iron, the cellular and molecular regulatory mechanisms of iron metabolism and the consequences of iron homeostasis imbalance.