自闭症中T细胞及相关细胞因子的研究进展

Research progress of T cells and related cytokines in autism

自闭症是一类常见的异质性神经发育障碍性疾病,近几年发现其与免疫系统密切相关,揭示了神经炎症可能是其潜在的发病机制。在自闭症患者中普遍发现适应性免疫失调,以T细胞变化为主表现出调节性T细胞体系缺陷导致的效应T细胞过度激活,促进炎症的持续发展,终末表型表现出的异质性与孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)行为异常相关,本文综述了近几年自闭症中T细胞和相关细胞因子的异常改变,从T细胞数量、活化状态和细胞因子角度阐述T细胞在ASD疾病发展中的作用,探讨ASD发病潜在的免疫学机制。

Autism is a group of common and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder.In recent years,it has been found to be closely related to the immune system,revealing that neuroinflammation may be the underlying pathogenesis.Autism generally manifests dysregulated adaptive responses,changes in T cells mainly show defects in the regulatory T cell system,resulting in excessive activation of effector T cells,promoting the continuous development of inflammation,and heterogeneity of terminal immune phenotype is associated with abnormal behavior of ASD.This article reviews the abnormal changes of T cells and related cytokines in autism in recent years.It explains the role of T cells in the disease processes of ASD from the number and activity state of T cell number as well as cytokines,and to explore the underlying immunological mechanism of ASD.