政治、行政与政策:公共管理理论想象力与实践前进力的统一

Politics,Administration and Policy:the Unity of Imagination Power and Practical Advance Force of Public Management Theory

公共管理学历经一百三十多年,是一部从政治与行政二分走向政治、行政与政策三分的历史。其间,公共管理学不断克服实践与理论的困境,彰显了理论想象力与实践前进力的五次张力。第一次是公共管理古典范式时期,建立政治与行政二分格局;第二次是行政组织体系科学化、系统化、原则化应用时期,巩固了政治与行政二分格局;第三次是西蒙和沃尔多争论时期,为政治、行政与政策的三分主题埋下伏笔;第四次是政策科学时期,建立了政治、行政与政策三分格局;第五次是新公共管理时期,进一步夯实了政治、行政与政策三分格局。进入后公共管理时期,三分格局逐渐稳固。面对现实世界需要和政府改革任务,公共管理学实现了理论想象力与实践前进力的有机统一,正成长为国家治理显学。

Public administration has gone through more than 130 years’history of development,from the dichotomy of politics and administration to the trichotomy of politics,administration and policy.During this period,public management has been constantly overcoming the dilemma of practice and theory,showing the five times tension of theoretical imagination and practice.The first is the classical paradigm of public administration period,the establishment of the dichotomy pattern politics and administration;The second is the scientific,systematic and principled application period of administrative organization system,which consolidated the dichotomy pattern of politics and administration;The third is the debate period between Simon and Waldo,which carried a foreshadowing of the theme of trichotomy of politics,administration and policy;The fourth is the period of policy science,in which the trichotomy pattern of politics,administration and policy was established;The fifth is the period of new public administration,which further consolidated the trichotomy pattern of politics,administration and policy.After entering the post period of public administration,the pattern of trichotomy is gradually becoming stable.Facing the needs of the real world and the task of government reform,public administration has realized the organic unity of theoretical imagination and practical advance,and is growing into a prominent science of national governance.