碳纤维在海洋结构与装备中的应用与挑战

APPLICATION AND CHALLENGES OF CARBON FIBER IN MARINE STRUCTURES AND EQUIPMENT

碳纤维具有轻质、高强、耐腐蚀、抗疲劳等优异的性能,在工业生产中具有广泛的应用。传统的海洋结构与装备材料以钢材为主,但是随着海洋油气资源向深水的发展,以及清洁海洋能源的开发,碳纤维在海洋结构与装备中的应用也占据了一席之地。本文主要介绍了碳纤维在海洋管缆、系泊系统、耐压结构、风机叶片、储氢罐以及结构修复中的应用及相关的一些研究。碳纤维代替钢材可满足海洋结构与装备轻质、高强的需求,但也面临一些挑战,如碳纤维与金属材料的连接强度、碳纤维在复杂海洋环境下的耐久性等。相信未来随着海洋资源的开发以及材料、生产等工艺的发展,碳纤维材料在海洋结构与装备中将大有作为。

Carbon fiber has excellent properties such as light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance, and it is widely used in the industrial production. Traditionally, steel is the main material of marine structures and equipment. However, with the development of offshore oil and gas into deep water and clean marine energy, carbon fiber begins to replace steel because of its advantages. This paper introduces the application and related researches of carbon fiber in marine pipelines and cables, mooring systems, pressure structures, wind turbine blade, hydrogen storage tanks and repairing. It is found that carbon fiber satisfies the demand of light weight and high strength. However, there are still some challenges, such as the connection strength between carbon fiber and metal materials, the durability of carbon fiber in complex marine environment and so on. It is believed that with the development of marine resources and technologies of materials, production and others, CFRP will play a grand role in marine structures and equipment.