漫谈冰球大力击射中的力学原理

PRINCIPLES OF MECHANICS IN SLAP SHOT IN ICE HOCKEY

冰球作为冬奥会唯一的集体球类项目,展现了技术、力量和速度的完美结合,诠释了“更高、更快、更强、更团结”的奥林匹克精神。本文主要从力学的视角,分析和讨论了冰球大力击射过程中的影响因素,揭示了其中的力学原理。通过设计冰球大力击射的模拟实验,发现直杆的旋转角速度和直杆的长度对冰球速度有重要的影响。从角动量守恒和能量守恒的角度可知,冰球最终速度与运动员击球前的旋转角速度成正比,且冰球距离转轴的距离越大,击打出的冰球速度也越大。

Ice hockey, as the only ball team sport in the Winter Olympics, exhibits the perfect combination of skill, strength and speed, and reflects the olympic spirit of “Faster, Higher, Stronger-Together”. From the perspective of mechanics, we analyze and discuss the important factors in slap shot in ice hockey, and reveal the underlying mechanics principles. By designing model experiments for slap shot in ice hockey, it is found that the angular velocity and the length of the stick have important effects on the speed of the puck. From the law of conservation of angular momentum and conservation of energy, it is found that the speed of the puck is proportional to the angular velocity before the player hits the ball, and the speed of the puck increases after hitting as the distance from the puck to the axis of rotation increases.