人工与自然的异位--另一个理查德•诺伊特拉

Displacing the Man-Made and the Natural Richard Neutra's Alternative Search for Modern Architecture

基于现场调研和尚未发表的图像、写作与访谈手稿,重新阅读了诺伊特拉从职业生涯初期到末期的设计与理论,主要关注他如何处理工业与自然这对存在显著差异的倾向。通过揭示贯穿在他设计与理论中的复杂性,重构了诺伊特拉的现代建筑探索。他把“人的天性”作为最高设计原则来协调工业与自然两种环境营造的手段,以此发展一种“接近自然”的居住概念。人工与自然的协作在他作品中不是简单并置,而是体现了戴维•莱瑟巴罗提出的“异位”效果。

Based on previously unpublished archival images,texts and manuscripts of interviews,this paper analyzes Neutra's design works and ideas throughout his career.It focuses on how he dealt with the relationship between the man-made and the natural,which have been conventionally considered to be two different categories.This paper reveals that Neutra employed"human nature"as his design"principle"and"operational criterion"to reconcile the man-made and the natural.In this way,he developed strategies and methods for a nature-near architecture.The relation between the man-made and the natural is not a simple juxtaposition,but displacement,an idea developed by David Leatherbarrow.This paper reconsiders Neutra's role in the development of modernist architecture.