急性呼吸窘迫综合征中的性别差异

Gender difference in acute respiratory distress syndrome

急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)是临床常见的危重症,是指由各种原因导致的急性低氧性呼吸衰竭,伴胸部影像学显示的双侧弥漫性肺浸润影。有研究表明性别可能在ARDS的发生、严重程度和预后中具有重要作用,但是由于ARDS的复杂性,其性别差异仍存在争议。本文根据ARDS的病因分类,对由脓毒症、创伤和呼吸道病毒所致ARDS的流行病学进行总结,探讨性别对ARDS的发生、严重程度和临床结局的影响,并简要阐述性别影响ARDS的可能机制,以期为临床治疗ARDS提供新的思路。

Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)is a common critical disease in clinic,which refers to acute hypoxic respiratory failure caused by various insults,with bilateral fluffy infiltrates on chest radiography.It is reported that gender may play a critical role in the occurrence,severity,and outcomes of ARDS.Nevertheless,gender difference in ARDS is still controversial because of the complexity of the disease.This paper summarized the sex difference in epidemiology of ARDS according to different etiologies such as sepsis,trauma and respiratory viruses,and discussed gender-bias in the occurrence,severity and outcomes of ARDS.Moreover,we clarified briefly the mechanism that may contribute to the gender-bias to provide novel ideas for clinical treatment of ARDS.