贵州省2020年秋绵雨过程分析及农业气象服务

Analysis of Autumn Rain Process and Agrometeorological Service in 2020 in Guizhou

2020年9—11月贵州省出现了1961年以来持续时间和影响范围最强的秋绵雨天气,1149站(总数的75.0%)出现特重级秋绵雨。秋绵雨天气造成秋收进度缓慢、秋种进度受阻,同时也不利于水果成熟采摘上市,2020年水稻单产较上年减产1.9%。针对该次秋绵雨天气过程,贵州省山地环境气候研究所及时启动应急保障服务,修正秋收及秋种气象适宜度等级指标,建立6 h、12 h、24 h秋收(抢收)气象适宜度指标,提前预警、及时发布秋收气象适宜度等级,滚动跟进服务,采用多种手段对外发布各种预报、预警信息,减少损失,保障贵州省水稻收获、颗粒归仓以及秋播顺利进行。

Autumn rain weather processes which the duration and range of influence were the strongest since 1961 had been occurred in Guizhou Province during September to November 2020,1149 stations(75.0%of the total stations)had extra heavy autumn rain.Slow autumn harvest progress and hindered autumn seeding progress occurred by autumn rain weather processes,and it was not conducive to the mature picking and listing of fruits.The per unit area yield of rice in 2020 will be reduced by 1.9%compared with last year.Guizhou Institute of Mountain Climate and Environment immediately launched the emergency support service to this Autumn rain weather process,the meteorological suitability grade indexes of autumn harvest and autumn seed were revised,and the meteorological suitability indexes of 6,12 and 24-hour autumn harvest(rush harvest)were established,early warning and rolling follow-up service were released by various means to ensure the harvest of rice,grain storage and autumn sowing smoothly.