康熙时期穆克登勘界立碑相关问题再研究——结合16-19世纪若干朝鲜古地图的考察

Reconsideration of the Mukden Boundary Survey in the Kangxi Period——According to Korea’s Ancient Maps from the 16^(th) to 19^(th) Century

大量朝鲜古地图的公开,为康熙年间穆克登勘界问题的探究提供了新的视野。结合《西北界图》《咸镜道图》和现代图们江上游水系现状的佐证,在大红丹水流入图们江前,有其他多条支流注入图们江。因此,朴权“驰启”中提及“大红丹水上流”并非指该水本身,而是上一条同级支流。发现江源定错后,朝鲜为了保证新获得的长白山南麓地区的管辖权而主动向内移栅,“校正”水源位置。另外,文献中出现的“白山”等名称所指代的对象具有历时性演变,如18世纪以前主要指代朝鲜镜城府“长白山”,勘界事件之后逐渐多用于“白头山”。可见,穆克登勘界事件更新了时人对边界地区地理的认识和相关概念。移碑的说法疑系后人附会。

The publication of a great number of Korea’s ancient maps provides the study of the issue of Mukden boundary survey with new perspectives.According to The Northwest Border Map,Map of Hamgyongdo and modern satellite map,there are other tributaries go into Tumen River before Dahongdan River.Thus,“the upper reaches of the Dahongdan River”in Korean ambassador Park Kwon’s report implicates it’s the upper tributary at the same level rather than the water itself.Realizing the mistake,Korea moved the boundary barriers inward initiatively in order to retain the hard-won jurisdiction of the south region of Changbai Mountain.In addition,the name of“Bai Mountain”in relevant literature referred to the“Changbai Mounain”in Gyungsungbu of Korea before the 18^(th) century,and gradually changed into“Baitou Maintain”after the Mukden boundary survey.The survey refreshed people’s understanding of the geography of boundary areas at that time.The move of the boundary monument is considered dubious as a forced analogy by the later ages.