古尔纳《赞赏沉默》中的多重叙事策略与主题意蕴

The Multiple Narrative Strategies and Thematic Implications in Abdulrazak Gurnah’s Admiring Silence

阿卜杜勒拉扎克·古尔纳的第五部小说《赞赏沉默》讲述了一位桑给巴尔难民在英国流亡20年后得以返乡但随即又回到英国的故事。作品将故事情节置于20世纪六十年代和八十年代桑给巴尔与英国之间不断切换、相互交织的叙事时空中,借助双重叙事、嵌套叙事、沉默等多重叙事策略,在言说与沉默之间以及作为受述者的人物与读者之间建立了一种动态的平衡,并借此表达了对种族主义和殖民主义的批判、对后殖民社会黑暗面的抨击、对移民生存困境和身份焦虑的同情与反思等丰富的主题意蕴。

Admiring Silence,the fifth novel of Abdulrazak Gurnah,tells the story about a Zanzibari refugee who visits his hometown after 20 years of exile in Britain,but returns to Britain shortly afterwards.By setting its plot in the space and time of the narrative that alternates and interweaves between Zanzibar and Britain during the 1960s and 1980s,the novel relies on multiple narrative strategies,such as dual narration,embedded narration,and silence,to establish a dynamic balance between speech and silence and between characters and readers as narratees for the sake of delivering a series of thematic implications,from the criticism of racism and colonialism to the attack on the dark side of postcolonial society and the sympathy with and reflection on immigtants’plight and identity anxiety.