农村劳动力流动对农户家庭多维贫困影响的实证

An Empirical Study on the Impact of Rural Labor Mobility on Multidimensional Poverty of Rural Households

实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接,是“十四五”时期我国经济社会发展的重要目标和任务之一。文章基于四川省、陕西省和甘肃省的农户家庭微观调查数据,应用倾向得分匹配法(PSM),实证分析了农村劳动力流动对农户家庭多维贫困的影响。研究发现:农村劳动力流动对农户家庭具有显著的多维减贫效应,其中,收入维度和教育维度的减贫效应最为突出,健康维度的减贫效应比较微弱,并且劳动力流动的多维减贫效应具有明显的省份差异。因此,促进农村劳动力流动是提高农村人口收入及自我发展能力、摆脱自然生存环境束缚,实现由脱贫攻坚向全面推进乡村振兴过渡的可选路径。

To realize the simultaneous progress in consolidating and expanding the poverty alleviation achievements and rural vitalization practice is one of the important goals and tasks of China’s economic and social development during the 14th Five-year Plan period. Based on the micro-survey data of rural households in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu province, this paper empirically analyzes the impact of rural labor mobility on multidimensional poverty of rural households by the propensity score matching method(PSM). It is found that rural labor mobility has a significant multidimensional poverty reduction effect on rural households, among which the income and education dimension have the most prominent poverty reduction effect, while the health dimension has a weak poverty reduction effect, and the multidimensional poverty reduction effect of labor mobility has obvious provincial differences. Therefore, promoting rural labor mobility is an alternative path to improve rural population’s income and self-development ability, to get rid of the constraints of natural living environment, and to realize the transition from poverty alleviation to rural revitalization.