分子印迹荧光传感构建及应用

Construction and Application of Molecularly Imprinted Fluorescence Sensor

构建一个高灵敏、高选择性检测痕量分析物的传感器广受科研工作者关注。分子印迹技术由于具有高选择性识别、高容量吸附、快速结合、热稳定性以及低成本等优点,已广泛应用于传感构建领域。以分子印迹聚合物为识别单元,结合荧光传感技术所构建的分子印迹荧光传感器在环境污染物痕量检测方面成为研究重点。本文主要介绍分子印迹聚合物的制备方法,总结分子印迹荧光传感器的构建机理和分子印迹荧光传感器在金属离子、有机小分子以及生物大分子检测方面的应用。重点探讨分子印迹传感器在不同数量的荧光团下检测一种或多种目标分析物的方法,包括单一荧光团检测单一目标物、比率荧光检测单一目标物以及分子印迹荧光传感的多元检测。基于以上分析和总结,提出分子印迹荧光传感器的当前挑战和发展前景。

The construction of a highly sensitive, highly selective sensor for detecting trace analytes has received wide attention from scientific researchers. Molecularly imprinted technology has been widely used in the field of sensor construction due to its highly selective recognition, high-capacity adsorption, fast binding, thermal stability, and low cost. The molecularly imprinted fluorescent sensor constructed with molecularly imprinted polymer as the identification unit combined with fluorescent sensing technology has become a research focus in the detection of environmental pollutants traces. This article mainly introduces the preparation methods of molecularly imprinted polymers. The construction mechanism of molecularly imprinted fluorescent sensors and the application of molecularly imprinted fluorescent sensors in the detection of metal ions, small organic molecules, and biomacromolecules are summarized. The molecularly imprinted sensors to detect one or more target analytes under different numbers of fluorophores are elaborated, including single-target single-fluorophore detection, single-target ratiometric fluorescence detection, and multiplex detection with molecularly imprinted fluorescence sensor. Finally, the current challenges of molecularly imprinted fluorescent sensors and the prospects of molecularly imprinted fluorescent sensors are proposed to accelerate the development of molecularly imprinted fluorescent sensors and to further develop multifunctional molecularly imprinted fluorescent sensors with a wide range of applications.