高分子导电水凝胶的制备及在柔性可穿戴电子设备中的应用

Preparation of Polymer Conductive Hydrogel and Its Application in Flexible Wearable Electronic Devices

水凝胶是具有高含水量、可变形性和良好生物相容性的材料,其中导电水凝胶具有良好的导电性、可调节的机械性及自黏附性等特征,逐渐成为制备柔性可穿戴电子设备的最佳候选材料。近年来,具有生物相容性、机械柔韧性和抗疲劳性的导电水凝胶得到广泛研究,能够实现多种生理信号和物理信号的监测及传输,促进了柔性可穿戴电子设备的发展。柔性可穿戴电子设备逐渐成为人机交互技术和人工智能领域的主要研究方向。导电水凝胶通过使用导电聚合物、导电填料、自由离子及其混合物来合成,根据导电机理,所制备的导电水凝胶可分为电子导电水凝胶、离子导电水凝胶和混合电子-离子导电水凝胶。本文讨论了导电水凝胶的制备方法,总结了导电水凝胶在可拉伸性、导电性、生物相容性和自修复性等功能方面的研究进展及其在柔性可穿戴电子设备中的应用,期望导电水凝胶可以取得更好的发展。

Hydrogels are biological materials with various properties. Hydrogels are three-dimensional network polymer with high water content, high tensile strength and biocompatibility. In addition to having excellent properties of hydrogels, conductive hydrogels have good electrical conductivity, adjustable mechanical properties and self-adhesive characteristics. The appearance of conductive hydrogels enrich types of hydrogels, expand performance of hydrogels, and improve practical application value, so that hydrogels have entered into people’s daily life. Conductive hydrogels have gradually become the best candidate materials for flexible wearable electronic devices. In recent years, conductive hydrogels with biocompatibility, mechanical flexibility and fatigue resistance have been extensively studied. Conductive hydrogels can monitor and covert a wide variety of physiological signals and physical signals. Flexible wearable electronic devices based on conductive hydrogel can monitor human health status in real time. Conductive hydrogels with exceedingly good performance promote the development of flexible wearable electronic devices. Flexible wearable electronic devices have gradually become main research direction in field of human-computer interaction technology and artificial intelligence. Conductive hydrogels are synthesized by using conductive polymers, conductive fillers, free ions and their mixtures. According to conductive mechanism, manufactured conductive hydrogels can be divided into electron conductive hydrogels, ion conductive hydrogels and mixed electron-ion conductive hydrogels. In this paper, preparation methods of conductive hydrogels are discussed. The research progress and application of conductive hydrogels in aspects of stretchability, conductivity, biocompatibility, self-repairing and other functions in flexible wearable electronic devices are summarized. It is expected that conductive hydrogels will get better development.