四季草莓新品种京滇红的选育

Breeding report of a new ever-bearing strawberry cultivar Jingdianhong

京滇红是由四季草莓Charlotte实生种子选出的四季草莓新品种。果实圆锥形,纵横径比1.02,果个中等,大小比较整齐,果面较平整,种子稀,平于果面。果实红色、有光泽,果肉橙黄,髓心橙黄,空洞中等大小,有特殊香味,酸多甜少。夏季平均单果质量15.0 g,果实可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)8.3%,硬度0.40 kg·cm^(-2)。京滇红抗性强,具有四季开花结果特性,夏季连续结果能力强。采用春栽方式时,6月份进入采收期,有保温条件的可持续到12月份。适合在云南等夏季冷凉地区冷棚避雨栽培。

Jingdianhong is a new ever-bearing strawberry cultivar selected from seedlings of a goodtaste ever-bearing cultivar Charlotte.In 2014,301 ever-bearing individual plants were retained after initial evaluation in open field in Yanqing District,Beijing and their daughter plants were planted in Yanqing and Longhua County,Hebei Province,respectively,for the second open-field evaluation in 2015.In2016 and 2017,selection F500 was selected due to its outstanding characters of continuous flowering and fruit quality in high tunnels in Longhua.It was temporarily named Jingcheng 2 and tested in Longhua,and Kunming City,Yunnan Province,Huzhu County,Qinghai Province and Harbin City,Heilongjiang Province from 2018 to 2021.It showed elite and stable performance of continuous flowering,fruit quality,and disease resistance in summer.In 2021,this selection was authenticated as a new cultivar in Yunnan and named formally as Jingdianhong.Its spreading plants grow with medium vigor.The average plant height is 13.90 cm and the crown diameters are 25.31 cm and 24.94 cm.The leaves are dark green,oval,and in medium size with 5.14 cm in length and 5.34 cm in width.The petiole length is 6.45cm.The hermaphrodite flowers are white with touching petals.The calyx and the corolla are almost of the same diameter.The red and glossy fruit is conical and the rate of its length and width is 1.02.The uniform fruits are in medium size with even surface.The seeds are thin and level with fruit surface.The flesh and the core are both oranges.The fruit tastes a little sour with some sweet and smells aromatic.The content of soluble solids,the fruit firmness and the average fruit weight in summer are 8.3%,0.40kg·cm^(-2)and 15.0 g,respectively.In regional adaptability tests,Jingdianhong is resistant to powdery mildew,leaf spot and anthracnose and moderately resistant to root rot,gray mold,mites,thrips and aphids.It has the characteristics of continuous flowering in summer and is suitable for shelter cultivation in cool areas such as Yunnan.When Jingdianhong is planted in spring,harvest usually starts in June and lasts until December with cover at night.