柳条扦插机链板式自动出料装置设计与试验

Design and testing of automatic chain plate discharge device for willow branch cutting machine

针对柳条扦插作业中仍需人工完成喂料作业的问题,研究柳条自动有序出料机理,设计一款由料仓、链传动机构和L型推板等组成的链板式自动出料装置。阐述出料装置的工作原理,分析柳条物理特性,确定装置作业参数,完成装置料仓的结构设计;分析柳条、出料口与推板三者之间的尺寸约束,建立柳条在推料过程中的力学模型,开展L型推板和链传动的受力分析与设计;并对L型推板根部的弯曲应力进行仿真分析。基于自主研制的试验台,将100株柳条进行3组重复自动出料装置性能试验,装置的出料效率为60株/min,柳条的平均出料成功率为97%,表明自动出料装置能够满足自动扦插机有序推出柳条的工作要求,同时也可应用于其他同类棒形物料在自动生产线中的自动有序供料作业。

To solve the need for having a human operator to supply branches during the cutting and planting processes for willow branches,an automatic chain plate discharge device was designed.The process of discharging willow branch in order was analyzed,and an automatic chain plate discharge device was proposed for supplying willow branches which comprised of a silo,chain drive mechanism,and L-shape pushing plate.The operation principle was explained,the physical characteristics of willow branch were analyzed,the operation parameters were established,which were set as the factors to design the silo mechanical structure.The dimensional constraints characterizing willow branch and the silo discharge port and L-shape pushing plate were analyzed,the willow branch mechanical model during the pushing process was established,the force on L-shape pushing plate and chain mechanism was analyzed.A simulation analysis was made on bending stress for L-shape pushing plate root,which were set as the factors to design the L-shape pushing plate and chain mechanism.100 willow branches were separated into 3 units as test objects,after which the experiment was carried out on the designed discharge test bench.The results indicated that the automatic discharge device achieved a working efficiency of 60 plants per minute,and the average success rate of discharging willow branch was 97%,which showed that the automatic discharge device could achieve the requirement for automatically discharging willow branches in order.Therefore,it can be seen that the device could be applied to the automatic and orderly feeding of other similar rod-shaped materials in the automatic production line.