学前教育专业本科生健康素养状况研究——以中华女子学院为例

Research on Preschool Education Undergraduates’ Health Literacy Status:A Case Study of China Women’s University

提升健康素养是增进全民健康的前提。采用2019版中国公民健康素养监测调查问卷对中华女子学院部分学前教育专业本科生开展调查。调查结果显示,学前教育专业本科生具备健康素养的学生占52.6%,具备基本知识及理念的占41%,具备健康方式和行为的占69.0%,具备健康技能的占60.8%,与2020年全国城市居民健康素养水平及《国务院关于实施健康中国行动的意见》中提出的2022年和2030年的全国居民健康素养水平目标相比,反映出学前教育专业本科生具备较好的专业素养。同时,调查也反映出该专业有近一半学生未具备健康素养,学生在健康理念、常见慢性病防治、健康信息和幼儿安全防护素养方面有待提高。建议高校高度重视大学生健康素养的培养,加强高校健康教育,促进大学生健康理念的建立,强化大学生健康行为养成;进一步梳理学前教育专业人才培养目标要求,加强健康素养和健康教育素养培养,增开促进幼儿健康类课程,优化“学前卫生学”课程结构和内容,加强学前儿童健康促进策略的学习。

Improving health literacy is a prerequisite for enhancing the health and well-being for all. This study uses the National Residents’ Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire(2019) to investigate the health literacy status of preschool education undergraduates in China Women’s University. Results show that among the preschool undergraduates, 52.6% have health literacy, 41% have basic knowledge and concepts, 69% have health styles and behaviors and 60.8% have health skills, suggesting good professional literacy. Meantime, the survey also shows nearly half of the students have limited health literacy whose health literacy on health concepts, common chronic disease prevention, health information and child safety protection need to be improved. It is recommended that colleges attach great importance to the cultivation of undergraduates’ health literacy, strengthen college health education, promote undergraduates’ formation of proper health concepts and strengthen their development of health behaviors. Teacher educators need to further sort out educational objectives of preschool education programs, strengthen the training of health literacy and health education literacy and increase courses on child health promotion. Furthermore, the structure and content of the "Preschool Hygiene" course should be optimized to strengthen preschool undergraduates’ learning of health promotion strategies.