我国海洋科技创新效率及其动态演化实证研究

An Empirical Study on Innovation Efficiency and Dynamic Evolution of Marine Science and Technology in China

在建设海洋强国的背景下,基于2006-2016年中国海洋4类行业面板数据,利用超效率SBM模型和Malmquist指数从静态和动态两个视角对我国海洋科技创新效率进行测度和比较。研究发现:(1)从静态视角来看,我国海洋4类行业科技创新效率低,各行业间存在显著差距,4类行业均未达到最优生产规模,均存在不同程度投入冗余或产出不足的问题。(2)从动态视角来看,2006-2016年,我国海洋4类行业全要素科技创新率年均负增长,但得益于国家政策扶持和财政资助,在2010年后全要素科技创新率实现波动中增长。此外,我国海洋4类行业虽未达到最优生产规模,但生产规模在逐渐优化,规模效率实现年均正增长。根据实证分析结果提出提高我国海洋4类行业科技创新效率的对策建议。

In the context of“Building a Maritime Power”,based on the panel data of China's four marine industries from 2006 to 2016,the super-efficiency SBM model and Malmquist index are used to measure and compare the efficiency of our country's marine technological innovation.The research found:(1)From a static perspective,the four types of marine industries had low technological innovation efficiency,and there were significant gaps among them.The industries did not reach an optimal production scale,and all had different levels of input redundancy or output insufficiency.(2)From a dynamic point of view,the total factor technology innovation rate of the industries grew at an average annual rate of negative growth,but it fluctuated after 2010 thanks to national policy and financial support.In addition,the production scale of the marine industries was gradually optimized,and the scale efficiency achieved an average annual positive growth.Based on the above findings,countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.