地铁开通对城市房价的影响--基于厦门市1731个小区的经验研究

The Impact of Subways on Urban Housing Prices:An Empirical Study on 1731 Residential Communities in Xiamen

房价高企成为人们普遍关注的焦点问题,同时地铁也成为许多城市基础设施建设的重要内容,但对于地铁如何影响房价的空间分布依然有待深入研究。基于厦门市1731个小区2017年8月至2020年6月共35个月度的房价数据,以厦门地铁1号线开通为例,采用双重差分法实证分析了地铁开通对房价的空间影响。研究发现:(1)地铁1号线的开通在整体上对地铁站周边小区住房价格具有显著的正向影响。(2)异质性考察发现,相比于岛外站点周边的小区,地铁对岛内站点周边小区的房价影响更为明显,相比于非换乘站,换乘站的地铁房价效应更为明显,且相比于远离公交站点、学校和公园等配套设施的小区,靠近公交站点、学校及公园等配套设施的小区受到地铁开通的正向影响更大。(3)地铁对距离站点不同空间距离小区房价的影响呈现明显的差异性特征,积极影响主要在距离地铁站点4.2 km范围内的小区,距离地铁站点大于4.2 km的小区,地铁开通对其房价上涨起到显著的抑制作用,这说明地铁对房价的空间影响既有溢出效应也有虹吸效应。总体而言,地铁开通对房价影响呈现出明显的空间异质性特征。

High housing prices have become a focus of widespread concern.At the same time,subways have also become an important part of infrastructure construction in many cities.However,how subways affect the spatial distribution of housing prices still needs to be studied in depth.Based on the 35-month housing price data of 1731 communities in Xiamen City from August 2017 to June 2020,this paper takes the opening of Xiamen Metro Line 1 as an example,and uses the double difference method to empirically analyze the spatial impact of subway opening on housing prices.The study found:(1)The opening of Metro Line 1 had a significant positive impact on the housing prices of the neighborhoods around the subway stops as a whole.(2)The heterogeneity study found that compared with the residential area around the stops outside Xiamen Island,the impact of subway on the housing price of the neighborhood around the stops on the island was more obvious,and compared with the community far away from the bus stops,schools and parks,the residential area near the bus stops,schools,parks and other supporting facilities was more obviously affected by the subway.(3)The impact of different spatial distances from the subway stops on the housing prices of the communities presented obvious differences.The positive impacts were mainly in the communities within 4.2 kilometers from the subway stops.For the communities more than 4.2 kilometers away from the subway stops,the subway had a significant inhibitory effect on the increase in housing prices.This shows that the spatial impact of the subway on housing prices has both a spillover effect and a siphon effect.In general,the impact of subway opening on housing prices has obvious spatial heterogeneity characteristics.