明人对诗中“抒情”“言理”“议政”的思考

The Ming Dynasty Literati's Reflections on“Emotions”,“Reasoning”and“Politics”in Poems

诗抒发的是诗人的情性,又是诗人对现实的理性批判,它与国计民生有密切的关系。这种优良的传统一直指导着诗人的创作,然而,却缺少系统的剖析和论述。明代复古诗论者,以诗中言理、议论而否定宋诗,引发了一场历时长久的可否在诗中说理、议论时政的论争。论争的结果,不但纠正了复古诗派控制的明代诗坛的方向,丰富了我国古代诗歌的理论,更为我国晚明乃至以后诗歌的发展开拓了新的境界。

Poetry is an expression of the poet's emotions and a rational critique of the reality,which is closely related to the national economy and the people's livelihood.This fine tradition has been guiding the poets'creation,but it lacks systematic analysis and elaboration.In the Ming Dynasty,the Neo-classical critics rejected the Song Dynasty poetry assuming that it contained reasoning and politics,which led to a long-standing debate on whether or not poems should involve reasoning and politics.The result of the debate not only corrected the direction of the poetry circle in the Ming Dynasty controlled by the Neo-classicism school,but also enriched the theory of ancient Chinese poetry,and opened up new horizons for the development of poetry in the late Ming Dynasty and beyond.